Mexico is a country importer

National It is condemned to be importer of foods with the neoliberal system Mexico is a country importer of foods By: Carlos Damian September 7, 2013 From1989 to the date passed to generate 10 percent of the internal consumption of rice Mexico. - The advantages of the free trade with 12 treaties signed with 44 countries and nine agreements in the context of the Latin American Association of Integration, it has made that the Mexican governments as a student applied to impoverish the Mexican field that of the year1989 until today's day, passed of the self-sufficiency in the production of rice to first world importer of the grain ‘palay’ (with shell), and the national producers are a species in roads of quick extinction. The country hardly generates 10 percent of its consumption of that cereal that is about in a million 200 thousand tons; the rest comes mainly from United States, but also of nations like Pakistan, Vietnam or China. That expressed by the rice leaders, Alejandro Diaz Hartz (ADH) and Luis Bueno Torio (LBT): “a crash plan is required", to rescue the rice field or, like the official defined: "measures to maintain the fastened flame” of the national production, so much of rice as of oleaginous, items in those that Mexico 29 to 45 percent of the imports depends. The alimentary disaster was forged with the TLCAN Mexico depends “by 95 percent” of the imports. The oleaginous ones represent imports for 2 thousand 500 million dollars (mod). The rice, about 400 mod (USD). The political ethics decided to modernize the Mexican field of agreement with the directive ones for Latin America of the consent of Washington, those that previously had been implanted to blood and fire in Chile’s dictator of Augusto Pinochet , together with to commercial opening to fortiori, the privatization, the total elimination of subsidies to the field, but first with the sensible Treatment General on Tariffs of Customers and Trade and later with the Treaty of Free Trade of Latin America the North (NAFTA), already during the régime Carlos Salinas de Gortari. The first of January of 1994, when he went into effect, the rebellion of the Ejercito Zapatista of National Liberation exploded in Chiapas (EZLN). In a publication on farming sustainable, the Center of Studies for the Sustainable Rural Development and the Alimentary Sovereignty, of the Federal Chamber of Deputies, points out that to countries like ours “was condemned to be net importers of its basic foods. The proposal for Mexico is that we sow in those that we are competitive and let us have comparative advantages, as vegetables and tropical fruits." In our context country it grows of all food fields while The States supplies us of grains, basically of wheat and old corn that sometimes change us for chances of the destination for our new corn not contaminated by agriculture’s poisons. There is continuity in the politicians: although the executive of the Sagarpa, Enrique Martinez (EM), he mentioned in a television interview (6/25/13) that the EPN’s plan is to give alimentary security, without this means that all that we consume, will take place because “besides being not very feasible it is not convenient". Euphemistically tells us that we will continue the same as with the politicians of the Calderon’s field, with the alimentary disaster other six years of the PRI. EM added, it leaves cheaper to import rice and soja that to produce them here, that “which doesn't mean that we don't take place and it is necessary to aspire to take place more". Mexico has good potential, but it is required of a lot of water, so “they are not cultivations where we aspire to be self-sufficient." The debacle arrived with the rice of Vietnam, 50 cheaper percent Kondo Lopez aimed that what wanted to insinuate EM, is that it is necessary to make a regional conversion again. He also mentioned that in Sinaloa, when the water was scare, they were stopped to produce 500 thousand tons of rice, but 5 million tons of corn takes place. It is necessary to cultivate the rice in the southeast, where it a lot of rains, it indicated. LBT, former president of the Mexican Council of the Rice (CMA), he related that in 1989 the frontiers of the Asian rice opened up, with a tariff of 20 percent. The Mexican producer had 70 years selling under an outline of guarantee prices, “they never forced him to be efficient…, and suddenly he was put to compete with Vietnam, where the rice occurs alone, because there is monsoon’s rains 100 days a year. People work for two or three dollars a day." The debacle came because it being rice of Vietnam, 50 cheaper percent that the one taken place in the Mexican nation, pointed out ADH on the other hand, president of the National Council of producing of Rice of Mexico. He explained that it enters 1989 and 1992 50 percent of the 25 thousand producing of rice that sowed a 265 thousand hectares disappeared and they harvested 290 thousand tons, little more than what wasted away in the country. In 1993 the closing of the frontiers is achieved, but 50 percent of the consumption was already imported. In 1994 the NAFTA arrives. Then The States sends a 'Farm Bill' (agricultural Law) “fixing high subsidies to those producing of rice so that production was fomented… for 1999 we were already importing 85 percent of rice ‘palay’ of USA”. In parallel the industrial proprietors of the national mills they break that dry off, without shell’s rice and they pack product, of those that there were about 200 producers 30, and now they are scarce 14 years ago, although some are not working, he informed in Palizada, Campeche, Federico Ayala. The rice is cared from 1993, 50% of the consumption In the ranch of The Ayala, Laguna Blanca, where now they have to sow some 100 hectares of organic rice, the benefit’s factory ended up processing up to six thousand tons from the cereal to year. Now practically it is stopped. At 2013, ADH informed they are in situation precarious 3 thousand 310 producers in 14 states of the country that, “although it goes them", they will sow 34 thousand 650 hectares (in 2009, 60.8 thousand hectares were sowed) for a production estimated in 174 thousand 300 tons. The main producing states are: Campeche, with 9 thousand hectares; Veracruz, 10 thousand; Nayarit, 4 thousand; Michoacan with 3 thousand hectares; Morelos, with a thousand 200 hectares, it is significant because it produces a special variety of thick rice, with origin denomination, “Morelos", much appreciated by the consumers. The yields average of rice for hectare are of 4.32 tons in the area of the southeast, 5.88 in the occident, arriving at seven in Sinaloa and 8.65 in the area center, with a pick of 9 to 10 tons in Morelos. ADH coincided with LBT in that at least the imports of rice ‘palay’ from The States that in 2012, according to data of the Sagarpa, they were of 698 thousand 241.33 tons with value of 272.94 million dollars (USD), they give work to the benefit’s factories in Mexico because it comes with shell, here it is processed and there is work in the industry and in the distribution chain. It doesn't happen with the rice coming from Asia that already arrives polished exactly to pack and to put it in the shelves of the trade whose import authorized the Secretary of economy in 2008, when there was an alimentary crisis and it opened the frontiers to all the countries, even to those with those that we don't have NAFTA. That situation caused a new alimentary and commercial collapse, “because rice of bad quality arrived to disloyal prices, according to the international price", and the will of that dependence was not seen to impose tariffs to the bad quality and the polluted rice of other countries. Kondo Lopez also answered us that there is not any possibility that starts some “crash plan” that it demands the rice field and the Mexican consumer. Although he commented us that the organizations of producers have conversed with secretary EM and Undersecretary Jesus Aguilar on an emergent plan, “to maintain a minimum level of reservation technique; it doesn't seek in the short term to reach a level of sufficiency but rather we aren’t disappeared the cultivation definitively". Noam Chomsky - Keeping the Poor Frightened. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmakLRxGbW8 (La Jornada, economia, p.p. 10 -14, August 10, 2013).