The indignant teachers

National They suffer lacks and incomprehension The indignant teachers By: Carlos Damian September 2, 2013 In front of the complaints of residents of the Capital they explain: the union fight “is not a whim" Mexico.- The magisterial dissidence organized in the National Coordinator of workers of the Education (CNTE) it carried out last Tuesday (8/27/13) more street mobilizations; the most notorious, in South Peripheral, to the height of the headquarters of TVAzteca. In another context, groups of villagers in diverse points of Guerrero they demanded, in public manifestations, the deliberation of the Community Guard they detainees in passed days, especially the event of the Regional Coordinator's leader of Community Authorities (CRAC) of Olinala, Nestora Salgado Garcia. The marches and the rising disorders roads generate convulsion in some sectors of the society that spread to see to the demonstrators like a direct threat to the daily normality. Such perceptions are fed from diverse informative means, which mash to their audiences with the message that it is intolerable the “impunity" of those who express political, social and economic uneasiness by means of meetings. At Zocalo’s camp, a labyrinth of roofs and tents We are before an unpublished situation that we didn't see from the 68’s, where the television conductors lynch them and they put them of example to hit them and to repress them with soldiers, since it is not possible such a manifestation in Mexico City. The thousands of indignant teachers with the educational reformation with which the federal government prescribes to backs of the town and graduates of the education face every day with this labor injustice, in “theirs sit-down strike in resistance” in the Zocalo Square of the Mexican capital, all the material lacks that it imposes the precariousness: from the lack of water, bathrooms, water closet and watering-cans until inclemency of the rains and the illnesses. However it doesn't stop to surprise their good spirit and until their capacity to face the difficult situation to blow of laughs, games and until jokes. Even, during the stops, marches and sit-down strike, the youngest jump or they play, like it happened yesterday in Bucareli Street, near the Department of the Interior. It will be this condition of union activity of the south, perhaps not, because apart from Oaxaca or Guerrero State they also come from Puebla and Michoacan State. Some come spontaneously from all parts of the Republic to find out and without believing it they are inside the manifestation, sometimes. It highlights the organization capacity, mobilization, their patience and physical resistance, although many have already fallen prey of intestinal and breathing illness, like they report in one of carps “three or four” of medical services that maintain between the labyrinth of roofs and tents. If some homage had to make the magisterial bases, they would have to be the rope, to the cardboard or the plastic, magic solutions to appear of anything, in some minutes: houses on the stone, bathrooms on strainers, water closet on hole when opening the covers of the tubes of industrial water, cellars for the provision donated by organizations and citizens with solidarity. We also find some auditory for the assemblies, clinical, offices, bedrooms and to projection rooms of documental. With all the above-mentioned on the back of the teachers, to also invent paths, squares and labyrinths, tortuous riddles even for themselves. To enter to the sit-down strike for Madero, Moneda, Pino Suarez, or November 20 is to enter to a small lost city or a field of refugees. In spite of it, the camp works intense and cheerily for two weeks, to against all lack and in particular of the shortage and of the attempt of the rains. If the cloudburst arrives at night, it is necessary to wake up, to stand up or to sit down in the heap of suitcases for not being wet, as a chicken. "We live in resistance and that implies a sacrifice and annoyances that we are willing to continue supporting", Charly says, after a moment of distrust the fourth year-old professor of basic in a small town of Oaxaca. The above-mentioned is understandable because like he comments Eligio Hernandez (EH), member of the press commission and propaganda of the union section 22, it has been detected “strange people” that spy the activities of the camp". Even, during the chat with Charly, some neighbors commented about the robbery of their belongings, another of the risks. EH abandons a while their work in front of a laptop, it is carved the eyes and he comments that in the camp there are commissions of security, hygiene, health, foods, publicity, and squad, as those that go to the streets and schools to inform on the movement. Teachers of Guerrero State explain that this protest “is not a trip of pleasure by no means it is a whim", because with the plans to privatize it is in risk the future of the public, lay, gratuitous and humanist education", as well as “the labor rights achieved along the Mexican history." To maintain a worthy attitude, they add, “it has their price", quoted in annoyances, risks of repression and the anger of many citizens of the capital, “to those that we request those excuses and their understanding". From the entrance of the Madero Street it leaves kind of a commercial area. The sales of the teachers are in fact very few. Most in mallones, sweaters, belts, dominoes, hand lamps, sodas, sandwiches and other they are offered, to all lung, for the traveling ones always who have already invaded the Plastic City. Although in the Michoacan’s area the teachers have already installed a carnitas’ shop and in the Oaxaca’s part another of ' tlayudas', the mentors are, in the face of all, buyers of goods and services. If their group has not organized a kitchen or some neighbor doesn't invite them, they have to look for breakfasts, foods and dinners (between 100 and 120 pesos in total, a day). The biggest problem is the precariousness of latrines and public bathrooms, in those that there is always line. Of the first ones there is several in the surroundings, as business (5 pesos) or in restaurants, although the government of the capital installed some portable ones in the corner of Moneda Street. Of the seconds, the services of more traffic are the Marbella bathrooms near the headquarters of the section 9, in Belisario Dominguez, where they charge 45 pesos. There are families that they lend them their particular bathrooms (20-30 pesos) and they serve those breakfasts and foods. "The life of the striker begins at 6 in the morning and it finishes passing the midnight; to the awakening the first thing is to go to the bathroom and to be cleaned", Charly shares under a roof of plastic tied to the east grill of the Metropolitan Cathedral, at the 22 hours of a rainy night. In the whole day, he adds, each techer spends about 150 pesos on the average that each who it puts of their pocket. He remembers that the Oaxaca’s governor Gabino Cue has said that its payments, retained, will be liberated “when they return". But other teacher put out the face of among the spreads and it clarifies: "If in 2006 we tolerate six months without getting paid, now also we can make it." Although the legislators scream and they demand bills to the government like the teachers in strike they take out the money to stay in the great Constitution Square. The union teacher's reasons The government's messages are taken partly out of a factory of lies and others are paradoxical, poured in an environment of closed doors and deaf hearings in which the true impunity benefits the murderers of dozens of people's thousands, and we can mention that which the number of the deaths is happened in the context of the strategy of security implanted by Felipe Calderon and What´s that, in so far in the current federal administration, it has not varied in significant form, to those who plunder the national arks by means of illegal "commissions" and to who, from the political or managerial power, they twist daily, in its profit, the letter and the spirit of the laws. With all him before mentioned we paint a picture of violence, impunity and injustice that it pushes the demonstrators to leave the streets and highways of the country it is not a desire to harm the citizens of the capital, but the impossibility of achieving, in the channel of the institutions, justice, security, legitimate representation and other demands; to say the less ones that one manifests by means of marches, blockades, stoppage and other mobilizations it is the alarming institutional collapse in course in the country in all the environments. (La Jornada, los maestros indignados, p. 2, August 8, 2013).

They are collectors of private companies

National The law labor prohibits to the patterns to make deductions for the payment of credits They are collectors of private companies By: Carlos Damian August 17, 2013 It was proven that the discounts are bigger to 30% of the salary Mexico. - the federal government's dependences, among them the one that occupies more personal of all, the Secretary of Public Education, they act as collectors of not bank private financial companies that grant to the workers public unionized loans guaranteed by payroll, practice not allowed by the labor legislation, in accordance with testimonies and official documents. Companies called Financial Societies of Multiple Object (Sofomex), some not regulated by the authority, they are devoted to grant loans guaranteed by the payroll of the unionized workers of public dependences, in a market that moves a loans’ wallet for around 8 thousand 13 million dollars. The payroll credits granted by Sofomes to the federal, state and municipal governments' workers are additional to those that, under the same modality, they have granted the commercial banks to that universe of employees. The discounts are bigger to 30% of the received wage The practice used by Sofomes of lending to the workers with the payroll like guarantee would not have anything of extraordinary. The private banks have made of this credit type the line of bigger growth of their wallet. The different thing is that the own federal dependences, in their quality of employers, discount the payment of the loan before to deposit or to give the salary to their workers. This is a practice prohibited by the labor legislation. The Mexican Association of Companies of Payroll (Ameden) that represent 11 Sofomes with 90 percent from the wallet of loans to employees publics, it assures that the procedure that the government dependence makes the discount and it pays it to the creditor before giving the wage to its workers it is legal, since it should be analyzed under the optics of the mercantile legislation and not of the labor legislation. The article 110 of the Federal law of the Work and the 38 of the Federal law of the Workers to the State’s Service enumerate the only discounts that the employer can make in the payment of the worker's payroll. In both laws it is defined that the discounts will never be able to exceed 30 percent of the amount of the total wage. The boss, in this case the federal and local administrations or in their case of public organisms, they will only be been able to make when it is debts contracted by the worker with the State for it advanced of wages, or of payments made in excess, of the collection of union quotas, or of contributions for cooperatives or saving offices - mutual societies of saving and loan-, of discounts for credits with public organisms of housing (Foviste, Infonavit, etc.), for nutritious pensions ordered by a judge or payment of loans of the housing funds. The federal public workers' testimonies tell us that they receive reduced portions of their wages once the dependence carries out the discounts of loans that hired with Sofomes. It is managed that they are discounts that in total, they add more than 30 percent of the wage, the maximum limit settled down in the law. In several cases, mainly of the teaching’s workers, the discounts that they make the employer are related with credits hired with the guarantee payroll or to pay the acquisition of furniture and other domestic equipment. The worker's decision under the destination of its wage is personal The worker's decision under the destination of its resources is personal. "What is not legal, of agreement with the labor legislation, is that the employers, in this case the government's dependences, make the discounts for bill of the companies that give the loans". When a person requests a payroll credit to a bank the financial institution you charge the payment once the boss deposits the wage in the bill. In the cases of Sofomes that give loans to employee publics, the employer makes the discount of the payment; he gives it to the creditor and the rest to the worker. "The Federal Law of the Work specifies that a boss can only discount certain items, as taxes, social security and others. In their boss character it is not legal that he makes another type of discounts. This has a lot of history, as the boss’ stores: it is to prevent that the boss blindfolds him things to the worker and that at the end this one doesn't win anything". The Sofomes that makes guaranteed loans with the payroll to employee publics carries out the operations aided in the commercial legislation. "The Sofomes makes a pact credit with the employee under a mercantile contract. The payment form is that one makes an agreement with the dependence that can be a State’s secretary, a state or municipal government, so that it grants the easiness to its employee, but not as boss but as organism that governs. It is a command. The boss doesn't remove him the salary, but rather the employee asks it a part of the salary to be dedicated to pay to the grantor of the credit". “Although it seems very subtle, there is difference in the application of the labor legislation and the mercantile one. In the cases of the payroll loans granted by Sofomes the discount that makes the dependence it is not their boss character, but as messenger". The discounts that make the government instances, assured, “they are legal” because “they operate to the help of the mercantile law” and the boss gives easiness to the worker of making the payment on behalf of him". The topic is still, object of controversy. In the opposing testimonies there is information in the way that the subsecretary of the Federal Work, in charge of Rafael Avante Juarez, outlined doubts about the legality of the practice in that a public dependence makes a discount to the wage of a worker to pay the payroll credit, before paying the wage. The Secretary of the Work answered with regard to this observation, but it never gave an answer. Neither the Secretary of Treasury responded in whose subsecretary the topic is also valued that involves several Sofomes whose actions quote in the BMV, or that they have emitted funds or other obligations in the local stock market. "We are informed that there is that position of the Secretary of the Work and Social Forecast, but up to now we have not known it officially, and we have less read it still". The mechanics of collection of the payroll credits granted by Sofomes to employee publics has been declared valid for several judges that have sentenced under cases in that some debtors want to ignore the obligation, precisely with the argument that this discount type is not allowed by the law. En este contexto tenemos a los tres partidos políticos PRI-PAN-PRD, y cuatro partidos acólitos que integran el Pacto por México, que están volviendo a diseñar los principales aspectos del país con mucha trascendencia, y además a algunos de ellos les llaman reformas estructurales. Esto es para Ripley. Hay una Comisión ciudadana formada por gente destacada que están haciendo conciencia para legalizar la marihuana. Para bajar la delincuencia, las muertes de lesa humanidad, obligando a los productores y comerciantes a pagar impuestos. Pero los malpensados es si ellos regalarán carrujos, para los primeros que se inscriban. Los demás se preguntan si ellos van a expresar sus aspiraciones de convertirse en agricultor de este negocio, en caso de que la legislación se autorice. EE.UU, ya tiene 19 estados que lo permiten. The mail of Charly It is not being surprised that in many countries the politicians are considered corrupt next to their organizations politician calls parties or in their case commercial frankness. In many countries the corruption affects from the citizen's birth until it finishes your to lapse in this world. International transparency publishes in the Global Barometer 2013 that, “51 countries with parties politicians are seen as more corrupt institutions” that the police. It is published that Mexico together with Greece and Nepal has to these institutions like the most corrupt. In this context we have to the three political parties PRI-PAN-PRD, and four left acolytes that integrate the Pact for Mexico - coalition of political parties - that returning to design the main aspects of the country with a lot of transcendence, and also to some of them they call them structural reformations. This is for Ripley. There is a civic Commission formed by outstanding people that they are making conscience to legalize the marijuana. To lower the delinquency, hurt humanity's deaths, forcing the producers and merchants to pay taxes. But they wrong thinks everything if they will give the military cigarettes, for the first ones that register. The other ones wonder if they will express their aspirations of becoming farmer of this business, in case the legislation is authorized. The States already has 19 states that allow it. (La Jornada, economia, p.p. 10-20, July 10, 2011).

The demographic voucher will finish in Mexico

National The demographic voucher in 2024 will finish in Mexico The political Morena (2/3) By: Carlos Damian August 14, 2013 The official figures are not shown that the neoliberal politics takes us to the ruin Mexico. - The most lamentable thing is that, even with the suffering that implies this economy (neoliberal), it is insisted on perpetuating it at any cost. There is a deliberate strategy to hide until the evident thing. They don't spread the official figures that demonstrate how the neoliberal political call took us to the ruin and a bigger deterioration of the social coexistence. It is not said that in the past 15 years, it has only been generated annually on the average 500 thousand formal employments, when they are required a million 200 thousand. In other words, every year 700 thousand Mexican have had to emigrate, to be looked for the life in the informal economy or to take the one on the way to the antisocial behaviors. The Mexican is forced to follow the “Omerta’s law", in the one that 67 percent of the workers with employment, seven of each 10, they receive revenues that don't overcome the three minimum wages, this means that 13 dollars (10 daily Eurus). With these salaries nobody could live in The States, and less still in Europe. Mexico is myopic, it doesn't have a plan for the future For such a reason we insist, that that more it despairs and it bothers it is that who really govern they don't make anything to avoid the systematic deterioration of the levels of life. This year, to maintain the business of some in the purchase of the fuels abroad, the gasoline will increase month with month (ad infinitum), diesel and gas to double the inflation, and as a result the loss of the purchasing power of the wage continues. In the most recent report in the Center of Analysis Multidisciplinary of the Economy’s Department of the UNAM is sustained that a minimum wage 29 years ago reached to buy 51 tortilla kg, or 25 pieces of white bread, it reaches to acquire five kg of corn’s tortilla or 25 pieces of white bread or in its case 3 kg bean. Of that size it has been the impoverishment of the town of Mexico. But maybe that that more he/she reveals the insensibility and the scorn for people, it is the form in that it faces the crisis of insecurity and of violence. The government and the power’s elites aren’t unable to accept that the poverty and the lack of employment opportunities and well-being originated this explosion of hate and resentment. Plus still, like it is obvious, less they care to assist the causes of the problem. On the contrary, in kind of an authoritarian alienation, they seek to solve it with coercive measures, facing the violence with the violence, as if the fire can go out with fire. Believers are said, but they forget that it is not the violence, but the well, what suppresses the bad. To this hypocritical and conservative thought, we should oppose the approach that the insecurity and the violence can only be conquered with effective changes in the social means and with the moral influence that you can exercise on the society in their group. There is not more than to combat the inequality to have a more human society and to avoid the frustration and the tragic tensions that it causes. We are, because, prepared and resolved to solve the current crisis of insecurity and of violence. We will make it low the principle that the peace and the tranquility are fruits of the justice. The bottom solution, the most effective thing and the most human, go to face the unemployment, the poverty, the family disintegration, the loss of values and to incorporate the youths to the work and the study. Mexico doesn't have the favorite future THE LOVE. As we have sustained, the current crisis is not only owed to the lack of material goods but also for the loss of values. With the result that it is indispensable to favor a new thought current to reach a moral ideal whose precepts exalt the love to the homeland, to the family, to the neighbor, to the nature. The social decomposition and the wrongs that we suffer should not only be counteracted with development and well-being and coercive measures. The material thing is important, but it is not enough: it is necessary to strengthen it the moral values. Starting from the moral and cultural reservation that still exists in the families and in the communities of the deep Mexico, and we supported in the immense kindness that there is in our town, we should undertake the tasks to exalt and to promote individual and collective values. It is urgent to alter in against the imbalance that exists among the dominant individualism and the values guided to make the well in favor of the other ones. This topic is very polemic, but we should believe that if it doesn't put on in the center of the discussion and of the debate, we won't go to the bottom of the problem. We have to convince and to persuade that if we don't look for to reach a moral ideal, it won't be able to transform to Mexico. We will only this way be able to make in front of the black stain of individualism, it covets and hate that one comes extending more and more and that it has taken us to the progressive degradation as society and as nation. Who think that this topic doesn't correspond to the politics, they forget that the politics’ last goal is to achieve the love, to make good, because in it is it the true happiness. Be enough to point out that, from 1776, in the constitution of The States, it intends like one of their objectives “to foment the happiness", “in order to form a more perfect union". In the first article of the French Constitution of 1793 it is mentioned that “at end of the society is the common happiness". Also, in our Apatzingan’s Constitution from 1814, the right settled down from the town to the happiness. There is also who sustain that to speak of strengthening the spiritual values are to interfere in the land of the religious. The answer on this matter gives it to us Alfonso Reyes, in a masterful way, in its Moral Note. He says that “isn’t very obligatory for the believer only, but for all the men of the earth. It is very not only founded in a recompense that the religious waits to receive in the sky. It is also founded in reasons that they belong to this world." The long term lack of vision of Mexico In the towns of Oaxaca, the members of the community practice their religious beliefs, and at the same time they work in public works and in governments' positions, without receiving wage (salary), they are motivated by the moral principle that it should be served to the other ones, to the collective. It doesn't dominate the individualism; the person is not worth for what has or for the material goods that it accumulates, but for the prestige that is able after proving her vocation of service, his rightness and the love to his neighbor, and that is his biggest recompense in the earth. Then, the purpose is to contribute in the formation of happy and good men, with the premise that to be good one is the only way of being blissful. "The one that has the calm conscience sleeps well, we live happy". We should insist in that to make the well is the main of our moral duties. The well is a question of love and of respect to what is good for all. Also, the happiness is not achieved accumulating wealth, degree, qualification or fame, but being well with our conscience, with ourselves and with the neighbor. The deep and true happiness doesn't consist on the momentary and fleeting pleasures. They only contribute happiness in the moment that they exist and later it is the hole of the life that can be terribly sad and distressing. When it is sought to substitute the delivery good with those ephemeral pleasures it can happen that these lead to the bad habits, to the corruption and that it increases the human misery more and more. In consequence, it is necessary to center the life in making good, in the love, and in turn, to harmonize the pleasures that they help to alleviate the tensions and dissatisfactions of the life. Jose Marti said that we limit ourselves, the taming of itself, the forge the personality, beautifies the life and it gives happiness. But in the event of conflict or when one has to opt, to lean for good must prevail about the momentary pleasures. (La Jornada, politica, p.p. 8-10, December 6, 2011).

The indignant ones in Brazil

International The political right looks for to wear away the current government The indignant ones in Brazil (2/3) By: Carlos Damian July 6, 2013 It is time that the town allies with the government: MST Mexico. - The member of the directive one of the Movement of Rural Workers without earth, Joao Pedro Stédile, talks about the perspectives of the mobilizations in Brazil. They have diverse evaluations, why they are happening manifestations of dissatisfaction. It makes an analysis of the urban topics and of the crisis installed in the Brazilian cities caused by the current stage of the financial capitalism. The oligarchy financed without any government control the sale of automobiles and the shipment from that capital to the exterior, transforming the current financial and commercial situation in a total chaos. As long as the financial and real state speculation that gave for result the elevation of 150 percent properties and the prices of the rents in the last three years. Besides the null investment in the last ten years in the public transportation. This last event forced to the less favored population's segment to escape toward the peripheries and edges of the great city without services, and without conditions of well-being for those excluded. Generating a social and economic crisis, losing hours and in traffic’s time to arrive to their works. To this circumstance it is added the lack and terrible quality in the services of health, and education that gives for result that the students lack knowledge to edit a simple letter. As for the political parties they changed the relating of civic service that they had to make comfortable to what demanded the oligarchy. Being these political parties as commercial stores where the opportunists only had accommodation to have the public resources. The violence in the manifestations However the youths that at the end of the dictatorship, in 1984 were stragglers in the way of making bourgeois – mercantile political. To prepare the position of political, this is as civil servant 1.3 million dollars they are needed; in the Congress a represent at costs around 4.47 million dollars, but later you should pay the support’s invoice of the bourgeois’ sponsorship or transnational referred. The left-wing parties, aged, and they molded to this circumstance, for what they generated in the political youth a distancing, and they caused hate to their form of acting corrupt. To the awakening this political youth, had their merit the Movimento Passe Livre (MPL), when trying to channel this rebelliousness and to organize the social protests just in its moment. In this context the hard-working class has not still been added to these street protests, but they want to be heard, this class social delay in its protest but they have not still understood the situation and they have a shy behavior. For what the MPL summons them to leave to the streets, to claim the increase to the wages, the drop in the rates in the public transportation, and it is enough to the lies and the manipulation of the information. As for the violence of some manifestations there we don't have to be relative. The bourgeoisie, through their television chains, it has used the tactics of scaring to the town placing images of having violated and transgressed breaking some stuff. They are the smallest cases that are insignificant before the thousands of people that were mobilized. To the right-wing it interests you to incrust in the imaginary of the population that that is acts impelled for vague, and at the end, if there is chaos, to impute the blame to the government and to demand the presence of the armed forces. We hope the government doesn't make the bestiality of calling to the National Guardia and the army to repress the manifestations - That is all that the right dreams!-."Who is causing the acts of violence it is the form of intervention of the military police. The PM was prepared from the dictatorship military to always try to town as enemy. In the states governed by the ‘tucanos’. These parties are call 'tucanos' of right tendency belongs to the Social Brazilian Democracy: Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais that still have the promise of impunity. "There are organized right-wing groups, with orientation of to make provocations and to make lootings. In Sao Paulo Fascist groups acted and them already hired marginal groups of the field. In Rio de Janeiro the organized punch’s groups that protect the conservative politicians acted. Certainly, there is also either a substratum of groups type ‘lumpen’ that they appear in any popular mobilization, in the stadiums, carnivals, until in the party of a church they appear, trying to take out profit. Fight of classes Certainly we have a fight of classes in the streets, wrapped up, still in an ideological dispute. What is more serious is that the own youth mobilized by their class origin doesn't have conscience that they are participating of an ideological fight. You see (in facts): they are making political in the best possible way, in the street. From there they write us: are we against the parties and the politics? It is for that reason that they have been so diverse and diffuse their expressions. It is happening in each city, in each manifestation; there is a permanent ideological dispute of fight of the class interests. The youths are being disputed by the ideas of the right-wing and of the left-wings, for the capitalists and the hard-working class. "On the other hand, they are evident the signs of the right, better articulate, and of their intelligence services that Internet uses, they hide behind different masks or they try to generate concentric circles with news and opinions in the social nets.” “Suddenly, strange message generates thousands of others. From there you spend to diffuse results as if they were a majority expression. Those mechanisms of manipulation were used by the CIA. and the Department of American State in the 'spring Arabian', in the destabilization tentative in Venezuela, in the war of Syrian. And it is clear that they are operating here also to reach their objectives". The objectives of the right-wing are very varied and in their proposals we would have to analyze it conscientiously. Let us see that the dominant class, the capitalists, the imperialistic interests of the Americans and their ideological spokesmen that appear in television every day have a great objective: to wear away to the maximum to the government of Dilma (Rousseff), to lose weight the organizational forms of the hard-working class, to defeat any proposal of structural change in the Brazilian society and to win the elections of 2014 to recompose a total hegemony to the front of the Brazilian State, that that now is in dispute. "To reach those objectives they are sounding, alternating their tactics. There are times that cause the violence, to disarrange the goals of the youths. Other times they incrust their messages in the watchwords of the youths. For example, the manifestation of last Saturday, although small it, in Sao Paulo, it was completely manipulated by right-wing sectors that adjusted and they modeled only the fight against the Proposal of Constitutional Amendment 37 (PEC 37) -that it reduces the attributions of the public ministry -, with a terminology queerly written in similar form and in the same order. Certainly, most of the youths not even knew what it was. And it is a secondary topic for the town, but the right is trying to lift flags of morality, like they made in the past the UDN that was a party of the right-wing, been founded in 1945. "We have seen in the social nets that it controls the right-wing, besides the PEC 37: expulsion orders in the Senate or transparency in the expenses; to declare the corruption like a stinking crime and the end of the special jurisdiction of the politicians. And the most Fascist groups scream 'Fora Dilma!‘, and below they sign for its 'impeachment’. Happily, those flags don't have anything to do with the conditions of life of the masses, although they can be manipulated by the means: objectively they can be in a shot in the foot. At the end, it is the Brazilian bourgeoisie, their managers and political corruptive. Who has appropriated of the exaggerated expenses of the Cup: Globe and the managerial companies. (La Jornada, Los indignados de Brasil, p. 3, June 25, 2013).

Two countries in criminal war

International The punitive proposal could be approved in the Yankee Senate Two countries in criminal war By: Carlos Damian July 17, 2013 The policemen will multiply in the “tortilla’s wall” México. - The proposal of an integral reformation goes in path toward its approval for the American Senate, but the price is a dramatic increment in the “militarization” of the frontier and the migrant population's bigger control in that country, while the destination of the initiative faces a more and more uncertain future in the Chamber of Representatives, where all this effort could be annulled. Last Monday (6/24/13), the Senate agreed to proceed toward the approval of an amendment that, according to the legislatives’ strategists, they almost assure the approval of the integral reformation that could be carried out in this same week. These migratory measures move away from the “good neighbor" The amendment, result of a negotiation to facilitate the vote of republican legislators of the whole package approval, proposes an additional expense of between 30 thousand and 46 thousand million dollars along 10 years for security in the frontier, including the recruiting of other 20 thousand agents of the Border patrol, that which almost would duplicate the current total number (which is double what there was 10 years ago), to enlarge the use of new technologies of surveillance, among them the airships to remote control (drones), and to conclude the construction of a barrier of more than a thousand kilometers (700 miles) in the border line. The amendment is baptized as “border arises", in reference to the massive resources that would be devoted to the security of the frontier with Mexico. All this would have to complete and in accordance with the requirements inside the law’s proposal, as the electronic system of verification of the documents of workers when requesting employment and a system of registration of entrances and exits in air and marine ports, before those are emitted 'green cards' that are the papers of illegal aliens legalization. In exchange for this new amendment, the legislators’ strategists calculate that they were added between 12 and 15 republican senators to the law’s proposal, with that which their approval was guaranteed in that Chamber next days, perhaps next Thursday (6/27/13). That would be a victory for the White House, the group bi-party of legislators that elaborated the law’s proposal, and the formidable coalition of national groupings from the Chamber of Commerce until labor power stations, churches and some Latin organizations that have promoted the reformation, since underlines that this maintains like key part a path toward the legalization and potential naturalization of 11 million illegal aliens. It is not acceptable the amendments made to the migratory law President Barak Obama has deposited considerable political capital in promoting the migratory reformation this year and he has repeated that although nobody will even obtain all that wants, him inclusive, the current law’s proposal is been of negotiations among the two official parties where all have had to make concessions. That message has been repeated by the wide fan of national groupings that they impel the reformation. In fact, the ‘National Council of the Race’ that says to be the biggest Latin organization in the country, emitted a message to its bases, on Monday requesting that they pressed its senators to approve this amendment certainly without explaining its contained anti-migrant, arguing that it would be the key to achieve that the project of the migratory reformation prospered in the Senate. Maria Elena Durazo, secretary executive treasurer of the labor power station AFL-CIO, commented that “there is not higher priority that to win this way to the citizenship, since that implies that millions of workers can leave the shades" that at the moment they suffer abuses and they are not well paid, she said in a forum with journalists. Frank Sharry, executive director of ‘America's Voice’, organization dedicated to promote the migratory reformation, recognizes that the measures and amendments focused in security and migratory control are not welcome, but that at the same time it is accepted that they should be included to achieve the approval of a project with enormous benefits for the immigrant community. He affirm that the “reason for which we have been able to have this debate now on the migratory reformation in the Congress is for the depth, width and it forces of the movement in support to the reformation that it has its center in the way toward the citizenship". But for some groupings of migrants, Latin organizations and defenders of the rights of the immigrants, of that movement, this law’s proposal, especially after the last amendment, it is no longer acceptable. The States is a country in quarantine for national security Antonio Gonzalez, veteran national Latin leader and president of the Institute William C. Velasquez, considers that the project in the Senate continuous “its tortuous transformation of a reformation concept ostensibly very deliberate to a punitive project of national security", and he noticed that Latin leaders are questioned more and more if this initiative is worthwhile to approve it just as it is. For Oscar Chacon, executive director of the Latin American and Caribbean National Alliance of Communities (Nalacc), he affirmed: "we don't agree” with those who argue in Washington that one has to accept bigger militarization of the frontier in exchange for the approval of the migratory reformation, “since that it is only a great concession to the political forces motivated by the racism and the xenophobia". Other organizations like presente.org and regional groupings in Texas and Carolina of the North, among other, they are making echo of these critical. Although everything indicates that the migratory reformation will be approved by the Senate, it is also clear that still faces an uncertain future. The senatorial president, John Boehner, already warned to his republican colleagues that control it with a significant majority that any project of migratory reformation won't be presented before the full of the Chamber if a majority of the republican representatives doesn't support it, and certainly there is a wide sector ultra-conservative that doesn't hide its position any project of integral migratory reformation. An adviser to the republican leadership of the Chamber commented to 'The Washington Post' that if the law’s proposal is approved with more than 70 votes in the Senate, the path is to 218 votes that it is the approval required for a law’s proposal, if it is full with dangers. The desire of the promoters of the reformation in the Congress is that the Senate approves it before the recess of June 4 (independence Day, holiday), and that the Chamber of Representatives begins the debate of a parallel version during the following month, to culminate the negotiations among both Chambers and to formulate a consent version that would be clever to be approved and to be promulgated as law in next Autumn. However if the things don't change dramatic way in the political dynamics of the representatives, what is clear for the time being is that although soon it will be able to take place a victory of the reformation in the Senate, their tally is still an obstacle that could mark, at the end, its defeat, once again. Countries in war for migration Legislators of the Congress of the Union and specialists reacted in against the plan of The States to seal the Mexican frontier. The coordinator of the PRD in the Senate, Miguel Barbosa, pointed out that that decision makes evident for that country it is that the migrants are criminal; while Fernando Garcia, director of the Border Net for the Human Rights (BNHR), he said that this “only leaves among countries in war". It is a limitless aggression to the communities of the frontier. He complains that this new aggression you add it "long way” that will have to travel the eventual beneficiaries of a migratory reformation to reach the citizenship that could extend until for 10 years. Senator Marcela Guerra, president of Relations Foreigner Commission for America of the North, said that unfortunately the current government doesn't have majority in the Congress and due to it approved it an expense of 30 thousand million dollars to seal the border fringe. "The vision that they have of a migratory politics is the one of seeing the migrants as criminals, as things, they don't see as people to the migrants that ends up contributing to strengthen the economy of that nation". (La Jornada, politica, p.p. 6 -8, June 25, 2013).

Two countries with problems

International The governments of both countries are not interested in family problems: Colef Two countries with problems of war By: Carlos Damian July 21, 2013 The practice of lateral repatriation increases: they send them in contrary way Mexico. - Starting from the presidency of Obama begins to move a great apparatus to stop to the biggest quantity in migrants, only not crossing the frontier, but in their homes, employment places, the street, the highway, or because they violated traffic laws. "There a process of massive deportation begins as it had never been seen in the history of The States", doctor Rene Zenteno, investigator of “College of the North Frontier” (Colef), it notices and former undersecretary of Population, Migration and religious Matters of the Department of the Interior. While Obama comes to say to Mexico that is prosperous thanks to the migrant in The States, on the other hand it deports them and it maybe separates families that it is, the most serious consequence in this process, it indicated. That is to say, the classification goes now in two ways: those repatriated and those “removed” (deported from United States with base in a legal order of expulsion), this last it goes in increase and it is in charge of the agency ICE (Service of Immigration and Customer). Alerts are emitted on the direction that it takes the social phenomenon On the year, 2011 were the first fiscal year in that there was more deported by removal that for detentions in the frontier; there is also a racial profile in these operative ones, most of those repatriated is men, bigger than 30 years, married, family’s bosses, Central American and Mexicans. According to statistical of the ‘Colef’, elaborated with base in governments' information of both nations and with wide surveys in the repatriations 2009-2011, 39 percent had more than 35 years of age, halfway them they took them out of alone The States, without family. A fourth part of the interviewed migrants was 11 years old or more living by the neighboring country, and 51 percent had been deported more than one time. It is there where they classify them as "criminals", although the main cause of they are it traffic infractions (to drive without license or ID, with conquered registration number, to spend a high one, to drive under the influence of the alcohol), it continues for ”routine inspections of the police", and previous arrest order, in flagrancy or not to fulfill service social impose. In 2007, doctor Rene Zenteno explains, the last lapse in that grew to Mexican population in The States, was and during the half a decade 2005 - 2010 almost a million compatriots returned to the country, with the result that it is said that the migration in this region is located in balance "zero ". The above-mentioned doesn't mean that people have stopped to try to cross, but rather the deportations persist in a high level, at the same time of the reinforcement of the measures of security to avoid the crossings. Tijuana is the city of more reception of having repatriated; it continues them, Mexicali, Nogales City, and at the end, the cities of Tamaulipas. The effect for this border politics' excess, the deportations and the climate of insecurity in the cities border Mexicans, also caused the reduction from 90 to 67 percent the intention of returning to The States, although the level continues high. The practice common of the tariff Americans is the lateral repatriation In this context there is a growing practice of “lateral repatriation", this means that, if a Mexican is stopped in California the risk he runs of being deported by Tamaulipas (to the other end of the country), that it duplicates the risks of being attacked by the delinquency. The national program of human repatriation is opposed to be a protection protocol: even a couple of weeks ago, -of accordance with Paris Pombo -, in the area of Mexicali, Baja California, the National Institute of Migration informed those repatriated that they had been finished the resources to support them with 50 percent of the cost of the bus toward its origin places. "There are null conditions for the reinsertion in Mexico." Julia Harrington (JH), artificial bigger official for the Equality and the Citizenship of 'The Open Society Justice Initiative' (OSJI), she noticed that there are several discriminatory aspects in the migratory reformation of The States. As categories of the migrants' American citizenship resided in the country of the north. "In the law proposal there are discriminatory elements, although it is difficult to locate them accurately, it thinks about that the foreigners are not dues to the unification of their families, as if they are dues as American citizen". JH underlined that “the citizenship is a legitimate reason to make distinctions among those born there and who are not it. This makes very difficult that in juridical terms one can allege that a discrimination act exists". She also remembered that in The States there are more than 10 million immigrants, of which 50 percent is Mexican. The access is restricted the members of a family, and to the work There are also differences in the right to the work, she said, because “all the Americans can enjoy that right, but not the foreigners. This is exclusion, but the federal government claims the right to decide if they are hired according to the “public interest". She remembered that the American courts have been pronounced against diverse cases of discrimination, as not to allow certain works to the pregnant women or not to make distinctions for gender, race, or aspects questions that are justified legally for the State. "What it can have a discriminatory base, the low government hides it the legal question of the citizenship". She also commented that the republicans achieved a victory with the approval of an amendment that elevates the government resources to shield with more than 20 thousand guards, additional at the 18 thousand existent, in the frontier." The argument of the republicans is that, once the Congress approves the migratory reformation, the government will need more resources to guarantee the security of its territory. For them, “it has intended the creation of a fund for more than 200 trillion dollars that it would be used next 10 years. In fact, the right groups are taking advantage of the approval of this fund to include discriminatory proposals that are justified under the flag of the national security", JH says. (This situation is a problem of frontiers it burdens that the only solution to this aggression to the international right is to appeal to some international organ and to put complaint in HRW, and International Amnesty, for the abuse to Mexicans abroad). Another American amendment, with more wall and policemen The obtuse American Congress, it has not still understood anything and the experiences you the raisin for the crotch, it returns to the load with more than the same thing. According to the promoters of the “new amendment", “any it that tries to cross the south frontier will be detected, by day and at night, rain or thunder". The years when spending make older, the tenant of the White House and the neighboring “friends” of the north refuse flatly to accept the reality: For higher and long long wall, the thing that is, it won't contain the Mexican human river, for the simple reason that the hunger is higher than any wall, together with 12 million compatriots, it documents it perfectly; also for more obstinate than they are and for more budget that they dedicate, the only form of to regularize and to humanize the migratory flow is by means of a bilateral agreement that takes that early they will negotiate with the Mexican government, before the obviously of the national manpower it is not only necessary for the economy ‘Yankee’ but rather its demand is growing. Of the above-mentioned it speaks us the voluminous shipment of remittances that has become one of the main salvages of the migrant families, and in passing of the scale of payments. During decades the ‘greengo’ government denounced “the shame” of the Wall of Berlin (115 kilometers of extension); they screamed in all directions “it was a horror", and therefore they demanded its demolition for the “sake of the freedom". With this distracter to the free world, meanwhile in their territory they began to drift and to build the longest wall (near 3 thousand kilometers), as a colonial symbol and of being able to of the empire of the north. The Mexican government of the last five administrations has always shown according to the desires of the empire. The current Mexican government doesn't dare to put a formal and firm complaint in some foreign court, for the confrontation of declared war. In this string of foolishness, the Mexican government never included in the NAFTA, the inclusion of the migratory chapter. Carlos Salinas never included it because to the government that that less it interests it they are the Mexicans in economic exile in The States. After two decades it stays the total negation of the topic migratory Mexican in spite of 12 million ‘falks’ in The States. (La Jornada, Disputa legislativa en USA, p.p. 4 -28, June 26, 2013).

The Brazilian revolt

International The protests are manipulated by the right-wing The Brazilian revolt (3/3) By: Carlos Damian July 8, 2013 It is time that the town faces the dominant class Mexico. - The challenge that has the hard-working class in front and the popular organizations and the left-wing parties are many and varied. First we should have conscience of the nature of those manifestations and to leave to the street, to dispute hearts and minds for polarizer that youth in political that doesn't have experience in the fight of classes. Second, the precise hard-working class to mobilize, to leave to the street, to show in the factories, fields, constructions, like Geraldo Vandré would say. To lift their demands to solve the concrete problems of class from the political and economic point of view. Third, we specify to explain to the town which their main enemies are. Certainly now they are the banks, the transnational companies that bear in mind of our economy, the large estate’s proprietors of the agriculture-business and the speculators (of real state). “We specify to take the initiative of to adjust the debate in the society and to demand the approval of the reduction project from the work day to 40 hours; to demand that the priority of public investments is in health, education, reforms agrarian. But it stops that the government it should remember gain percentages and to redefine the resources of the primary surplus, those 200 thousand millions (real) that every year they go for you grieve them 20 thousand rich, financiers, creators of an internal debt that we made never, it to contribute in social and productive investments. For what the class fight puts in front of the government of Dilma (Rousseff). We ask; will the public resources overturn toward the bourgeoisie financier? Or in their case; This public money is to solve the problems of the town? The enemies of the people "To approve in régime of urgency -is effective in the next elections - a political reformation of great encouragement that at least it institutes the excessive public financing of the campaign; right to revoking of commands and plebiscites. It is necessary a tributary reformation that charges taxes to the primary exports again and impact the revenues of the richest, reduce the taxes of the poorest that are those that more pay. It is necessary that the government suspends the bids on the petroleum and all the concessions privatizing of mines and other public areas. Of anything it serves to apply ‘royalties’ in the petroleum to finance the education, if those taxes hardly represent 8 percent of the oil rent while 92 percent will give to the transnational companies that will keep the raw one in the bids." "It reforms urban structural it is necessary so that the public transportation of quality is prioritized again and with rate zero. It is already proven that it is not expensive neither difficult to establish gratuitous transport for the masses of the capitals. Also, to control the real state speculation. Finally, we specify to take advantage and to approve the project of national conference of communication, broadly representative, of democratization of the means and to put an end to the monopoly of Globo, and so that the town and their popular organizations have wide access to communicate, to create their own means with public resources. We listened of diverse juvenile movements that are articulating the meetings that perhaps is .la only flag that unifies all: Below the monopoly of Globo! So that these flags have echo in the society and press the government and the politicians it will only happen if the hard-working class is mobilized." You protest manipulated "The government will make now with sensibility and intelligence of taking advantage of that support, which clamor that he comes from the streets that it is necessary to change. Although they grieve it is a synthesis of a diffuse conscience of the society. To change in favor of the town. For that the government specifies to face to the dominant class in all the aspects. To face the bourgeoisie financier, disarticulating what receives for interests and applying the capital in investments in areas that solve people's problems. To promote immediately, the political, and tributary reformations. To drive the approval of the project of democratization of the media. To create mechanisms for big investments in public transportation that they lead at the end to the rate zero. To accelerate the agrarian reformation in a project of production of foods contributed for the internal market”. “To guarantee the application of 10 percent of the GDP immediately in public resources for education in all the levels, from the infantile stays in the big cities, fundamental teaching of quality, and to make universal the access of the youths to the public universities". Without the above-mentioned, it will go a long way to deception and the government will give to the political right-wing the initiative, they will become new manifestations trying to wear away the government until the elections of 2014. It is hour that the government allies with the town or he will pay the invoice in the future." In what refers to the perspectives of the mobilizations in next months we believe that it is still an incognito one in front of the fact that the youths and the masses are in dispute. For that reason the popular forces and the left parties specify to involve all their energy in leaving to the street: to show, to place the fight flags for the reformations that interest to the town. The right-wing will make the same thing and it will also lift its watchwords, conservatives, late, of criminalization and stigmatization of the ideas of social changes. We are in full ideological battle that nobody knows which the result will be. In each city, each manifestation, we specify to dispute hearts and minds. Who stays outside of it will be outside of the history. The political reformation The president from Brasil Dilma Rousseff (DR), it began the counteroffensive that looks for to give answer to the demands of the demonstrators that surrounds the streets of the cities for weeks personally. She had in yesterday's afternoon (6/25/13), a meeting in Brasilia with the visible leaders of the MPL (Movement Happens Free) that they summoned the first of the meetings demanding that they were annulled an increase in the rates of the urban public transportation in Sao Paulo's City. After it gathered with the 27 governors of the states of their country. Brasilia, as federal capital doesn't have mayor but rather it is a governor. To the militant youth it didn't propose them anything. To the governors and mayors it proposed five pacts dedicated to give an answer to what called “voices of the street". Among those proposals, one of them caused impact immediately. DR announced that she seeks to request to the National Congress that it calls to plebiscite to make approve the convocation of a constituent assembly with the only and exclusive mission of debating a political reformation. The opposition reacted immediately, arguing that to make that reformation, it is not necessary nothing else that to take a law’s proposal to the Congress so that it is debated and voted. This type of initiatives carried out by the president, they have been attempted and promised in the last decades. In any event the opposition in high tone had scarce echo in the public opinion. First, the segment of opposition of the Congress noticed that to summon to plebiscite is exclusive prerogative of the Congress, forgetting that to the Executive Power the right is assured of proposing the parliamentarian what they want and they accept or proposed not it. Second, because from at least from 1995 they rest in the congress several law’s proposals so that a political reformation is made. However as these projects they attempt directly against the interests of the parliamentarian, anything is voted. DR wants to leave in clear to the population that one of the starting points of the corruption in fact resides in the current political system that propitiates to the parties everything and any negotiation type when obtaining resources for the electoral campaigns. (La Jornada, Los indignados de Brasil, p.p. 3 - 4, June 25, 2013).

It reforms in Brazil

International She presents project of five pacts for the “voices of the street" It reforms in Brazil By: Carlos Damian July 10, 2013 It is time that the Congress approves the political reformation Mexico. - The president from Brasil Dilma Rousseff (DR), she looks for to give answer to the petitions of the “voices of the street", proposing the legislative a plebiscite to make approve the convocation of a constituent assembly with the mission of debating the political reformation of the State. The segment of the opposition in the Congress reacted in an angry and negative way, with infantile arguments saying that to the president of the country she doesn't play it to propose initiatives. Although from 1995 they already have a complete file of bills for the presidential such proposal. But as such initiatives they injure their commercial interests and financiers have vetoed such projects, allowing them to rest the dream of the fair ones. In others of their “pact proposals” presented to governors and mayors, DR hopes the Congress approves the quickest thing possible the law’s proposal. Such law proposals have been made by a senator and DR mentions that it can become “stinking crime” and therefore with more severe punishments, the “deceitful acts of corruption” that is to say, made intentionally, this because there are officials' cases that have participated of the endemic corruption of the country. The president attempts with these proposals to integrate in an outstanding way the rule of recoveries screamed by the “voices of the street". She also demonstrates a facet of political with turn radical, achieving the necessary impact to leave clear that her government left of the amazed lethargy that looked from the beginning of the wave of popular mobilizations that shakes to the country. With this attitude she responds appropriately when discharging hers responsibility on the shoulders of the Congress the pressure of the proposals that for a lot of time they are expected in silence, a silence that has been broken and it became demanded by the streets. It is time of approving the political reformation When announcing that she will carry out a plebiscite, she leaves clear that people will be able to vote for the proposals, and the town will have the representativeness opportunity and participation in the political process of the country. In this process it plays to the Congress to reject the presidential initiative, but their image will finish collapsing next to the public opinion, or in its case to approve it. However it will be necessary to reform the Great Letter that prohibits the convocation of exclusive constituent assemblies. It is not necessary to imagine the surprise in the analysts, parliamentarian, allies and the opposition in the legislature. The group of party of opposition has disclosed a manifesto with its proposals to be adopted by the Congress for supposedly to assist to the recoveries of the voices of the street". The president's expression happens in a favorable moment for the dialogue showing public agent's facet that opens dialogue spaces toward the popular movements, and it reestablishes a political notebook that seemed to have been relegated to the Greek calends in favor of other, basically technocrat, focused in the administrative administration. If the previous president Lula da Silva maintained along 8 months of president an intense and permanent contact with the population, DR preferred, up to now, to make a technical government whose it dialogue with the public opinion was not always given through intermediaries skilled and perhaps they were not representative. Also, it left evident that she understood that the achievements reached up to now are insufficient, and that inclusive it leaves of those that protested they had assisted basic necessities, but the citizenship also acquired the expectation of reaching even more, like they are the services of health, education, and public transportation of quality. With certain reason the five pacts proposed by DR rotate around the following topics: health, transport, education, reforms fiscal, and reformation politics. She also announced the deeply from the combat to the corruption; she revealed that the forecast exists of reviewing to municipalities and states resources dedicated to the transport that they reach 58 thousand millions of real (27 thousand million dollars), of which about 30 thousand millions were already liberated. Govern technocrat The group sent a letter to the president, but they expressed its surprise for the expression of the general government's dialogue and it clarifies: "we will continue in the streets". “This dialogue expression sings out of tune with the treatment to social movements that the politics of this administration has marked", begins it a document sent by the ‘Movement Happens Free’ (MPL). The president also said that among the voices of the streets, she understood that they also say that they want that it is the citizen who has the power, and not the economic power of the elite. Now we will have the opportunity to wait to see the result of their actions and their words in the town of Brazil. The social activists of the MPL, considered that the president in the “opening of the dialogue", it is not prepared to discuss the popular proposal on it transports urban. "More than to converse", they hope the encounter, “show a change of the federal government's posture” not only in connection with the demonstrators that took the streets, but to the indigenous towns, the communities displaced by the necessary works of urban mobility for the preparation of the World cup of 2014; to those Without-Roof and Without-Earth, among others. Few people in Brazil know better than president DR what is to be 20 years-old and to be furious with the government. DR, in the decade of 1960 was guerilla Marxist and it fought against the military dictatorship of its country, but now she is of the other side of the desk, trying to disable the protests that took out in the last two weeks to more than a million people to the streets, they altered the markets and they could even threaten its reelection in 2014. The irony of the event didn't pass without being perceived for the demonstrators like one that took last week a poster with a picture of DR taken after its detention to the 22 years and the legend: " Your ideals were the same ones that ours"! We want another time to Dilma! In spite of their past and their current left-wing politicians, the advisers of DR say that the same thing that to other politicians her cost to understand what the demonstrators wanted and to decide how to react. But the hard truth is that there are not easy options. The social movement of protests, they doesn't have names neither leaders and it flourished thanks to the social nets and the enormous participation of university boys, it united Brazilians frustrated with the corruption, the faulty public services and the thousands of millions of worn-out dollars in preparations for the World Cup 2014. Although most of the protests were you pacify, dozens of people were wounded and two dead. The president promised to repress to a minority of violent demonstrators that they plundered trade and they made vandal acts against government buildings, but she eulogized to the democratic spirit of most and she said that she would assist their demands. Among their proposals DR requires support for its plans of to build hospitals and to improve the public transportation, and it convinces to own and strangers for a law proposal that would dedicate the whole bonuses from the exploration of new locations of petroleum to public schools and other education projects. In Cubatao, inside Sao Paulo's State, a manifestation with near 500 participants that they demanded the discount of the bus passages it finished in confrontations with the police soon after that a small group refused to liberate to highway used by trucks to consent to the port of Saints, and that the activists maintained blocked for several hours. Although the economy is not able to advance with speed, the inflation is deteriorating, the purchase power and the growing interest rates urge the credit to the consumption, and the previous situation means that DR doesn't have a lot of maneuver margin and short term the demonstrators difficultly their proposals will be summed up. However the capacity of DR to convince its citizens is crucial to avoid that they follow the protests and distract the fair presidential notebook when the economy is delicate of health. (La Jornada, Los indignados de Brasil, p.p. 4 -5, June 25, 2013).

The conspiracy

National He was lover of the reflectors, imprevisible, and non reflexive: ambassador Jova Former Presidente LEA By: Carlos Damian April 13, 2013 Their aspirations of heading the UN, were not very welcomes México. - Although in the places closed and secrets stores of the Central Agency of Intelligence (CIA), there were evidences that the former president Luis Echeverria Alvarez (LEA) was one of their agents and that it collaborated as informant of high level being secretary of Government, and even leader, in the offices of the American diplomatic service never enjoyed any appreciation. Although “we are thinking an unthinkable thing". Ambassador Joseph John Jova entitled this way the report of State August of 1976, 6 of this 37 years ago where one still had secretary Henry Kissinger. It alerted: "they grow the rumors that the president LEA could be conspiring to murder the elect president José Lopez Portillo to be able to extend her period in the power." "Its form of reacting before the crisis is spontaneous, impetuousness with tendency to act first and to meditate later. As international statesman, it is not very sophisticated it spreads to simplify of more ". This is the opinion that the ambassador from The States in Mexico, John Jova has on August 1st, of 1975. He approached the end of the six years of the president of the ‘lightweight jacket’ that registered the rhetoric of the Third World but it also drove the ‘dirty war’ against the lefts and the armed movements of the time. Unwilling to lose the control LEA - Litempo 8, according to the denomination that he received inside the CIA. - it threw anything discreet campaign in the international atmospheres to promote their candidacy to the general secretariat of the Organization of United Nations (UN), competing with the Austrian of Nazi past Kurt Waldheim. But already with Jose Lopez Portillo in Los Pinos residence, the only thing that achieved was an appointment like ambassador in the Fiji Islands. The reasons of the brutal fall are without a doubt to the economic trips, its terrible relationship with the private initiative and the form so aggressive with which wanted to suffocate the guerrillas of the time they shrank the great capital of authoritarian power that had kneaded Mr. President. But, among other factors, it also contributed to bury their dreams of greatness, dedicated to that Henry Kissinger's office “evaluates and decide the tactics to continue” in front of the relief in the UN. This report is one of the little one more than 2 thousand 500 reports that they were sent starting from 1973, and it is part of a package that is part of the Public Library of the Diplomacy of The States, the Plus D. This package starting from Monday 8 of April. LEA was messianic, megalomaniac and naïve The department of State just in case was considering the pronouncements to favor or against the support to LEA to direct the UN. This information of the embassy was dissuasive for the White House: "As international statesman, LEA it lacks sophistication, it spreads to the simplification. It considers that the Council of Security is an obstacle for the General Assembly… He considers that the Letter of Rights and Duties of the States are a panacea for all the wrongs. It has very firm ideas, but naive (ingenuous) about the disarmament". For if it was little these adverse ideas to the president, Jova proceeds “to modernize”, as he says, the abundant biographical information that Washington already has about LEA: "From their ascent to the presidency has been accentuated a megalomania touch and the messianic feature of its personality has probably increased". It is analyzed as a man with excessive trust in itself, “difficult of being advised" that doesn't usually assist its secretary's opinions of Foreigner Relationships (Emilio Rabasa) neither of the experts in international politics and economy of its bureau, but rather he leans to listen not very prepared near people's advice, especially its wife Esther Zuno. These previous demarcations are what ambassador Jova thinks on the personality and facts of he LEA around 1975. In the fact convulses had lapsed years of 1973 and 1974, with their waves of explosions, kidnappings, attacks and murders. In that time they were active the urban and rural guerillas, but also squadrons of paramilitary, the ultra-right groups (as the MURO, antecedent of YUNQUE) and the agents of the Federal Direction of Security with their out of the law executions, their jails and secret and missing graves. These last facts that marked the time apparently don't worry the American diplomats for who the families that looked for their political prisoners in the Military Area number one and the corps in the guerrilla in strange “confrontations with criminals and they are not reasons it is not even of being mentioned. The denomination "human rights” were something that was not used. The student protest of the 71 This rude thought that Jova has about LEA, they had already happened the American consul's kidnappings in Guadalajara Terrence Leonhardy (April 4, 1973), that of the father-in-law of LEA, Jose Guadalupe Zuno, of which Jova reported September 10 that it was “maybe of the own family; those of the director of the airport Julio Hirschfeld, and the rector of the Autonomous University of Guerrero, Jaime Castrejon (1971), and the murders, in bankrupt suppositions of kidnapping, of the industrial Eugenio Garza Sada and Luis Fernando Aranguren, and of the British honorary consul Anthony Duncan (1973). But an incident that soured the bilateral relationship notably had also taken place. The convulse year 1974 finished wrong for LEA, with the first journalistic reviews that began to circulate on the book of an agent of the CIA, that had deserted not very before, Phillip Agee, 'Inside the company, newspaper of the CIA'. From the first lines of this work that almost four decades later it continues being a reference it is informed those two Latin American presidents. LEA and Alfonso Lopez Michelsen (of Colombia) they were agents in the payroll of the agency. Jova receives instructions of Washington that, in the event of being approached on the topic, repeat the formula used in those cases: "Non comments". Worse the certain thing is that starting from being exposed of this form like informant of the CIA, LEA changes the old formula from 1968 until then, of accusing to “extra-national interests and exotic forces" - you read Soviet and Cuban embassy - and to manipulate the youths, to condemn the interference of the " imperialism " in the popular movement in its against that it begins to recover land after the repressive blows of October 2, 1968 and June 10, 1971. The fifth year of presidential term always problematic for the tenant of Los Pinos residence, March 14, 1975 LEA went to the UNAM, to the Department of Medicine, for an encounter with students, with the intention of demonstrating that the wounds of Tlatelolco and San Cosme were closed. It was not this way. They screamed him, they insulted him and they threw a currency to the head. LEA infuriates, it gesticulates and it screams in the Salvador Allende auditory, and he says that the furious youths “are manipulated by the CIA". When writing a chronicle on the incident, Jova March 15, he says: "We don't know if the president was not well advised or he preferred to ignore advice of not going to the campus (…), the fact is that an adverse climate persists among the student body… We believe that the president put on in a great risk, given the radicalism of the student movement". The ambassador adds: "To associate these opponents with the CIA is an action of the government's reflection that equal usually accuses to the left-wing that to the right-wing". (La Jornada, política, p. 20, April 12, 2013).

Former President Echeverria

National He was messianic, megalomaniac and naive: Jova Former President Echeverria By: Carlos Damian April 15, 2013 The possible conspiracy to murder JLP México. - Although in the in the hermetic secret stores of the Central Agency of Intelligence (CIA) they exist evidences that the former president Luis Echeverria Alvarez (LEA), it was one of their agents and that it collaborated as informant of high level being secretary of Government, and even leader, in the offices of the American diplomatic service never enjoyed appreciation. And in the twilights of their six years it was seen by the consultants and advisory of the embassy of The States like a “restless and ambitious politician". Worse: "He is a typical product of the Mexican political system, hypocrite and corrupt. It is kind of a puritan, it maintains a work rhythm, murderer (not always productive), and he adores the reflectors. In the former president's line of accusing to the imperialism, to the right and the left-wing, it was souring the dispute. The own president having the opportunity to correct their line of information, he didn't make it during a press conference with Cuban journalists. Another cable, four days later, it analyzed the jump and the LEA president's reclamation of it lower another light; "Certainly LEA has all the reasons to know accurately, for their years of president and before as secretary and Department of the Interior undersecretary that the possibility that the CIA. or the American government's other instance is involved in this type of disturbances it is virtually null". The incident got complicated. The ambassador from Mexico in The States, Juan Jose de Olloqui, was called to the Department of State so that he heard the formal protest of Washington for the groundless accusations of LEA against their government. And even later, chancellor Rabasa, approached by the press, insisted on not retracting: "It is necessary to leave of the hypothesis that the CIA, operates in our countries. That is not novelty". That was the holder of several national newspapers the following day. After this, the disqualification of Jova to Echeverria for the leadership of the UN can be interpreted as the collection of a pending invoice. Joseph John Jova (JJJ), August 6th, he alerted: "They grow the rumors that the president LEA could be conspiring to murder Jose Lopez Portillo (JLP), the elect president from Mexico to be able to extend his period in the power". These rumors that had begun to listen in after dinners and cocktails, possibly also in the golf clubs that the diplomat frequented, they came mainly from businessmen, belonging to the near circle of who was the successor of LEA. He refers the diplomat that began to hear these versions it was “hardly open” JLP in September of the previous year. But once elect, the circle of these gossips was enlarged and the concerns for an event began this way to reach to the academy and the world of the intellectuality. "Every time they are more frequent the versions and fears in this way", the American former ambassador affirms. It is the president's property the PRI "We continue considering that the rumors are mere symptoms of the mistrust with which the Mexicans perceive the president, more than concrete warnings. However, they are the sufficiently consistent ones, like to sustain the speculation that we expose in this report with the purpose of defining a possible scenario and their implications for the government from The States". One year before in The States, president Gerald Ford had suffered two bankrupt attacks; one of them suffered it, on September 5, 1975, in Sacramento, and other one 17 days later, in San Francisco, California. These actions directed against the leader that assumed the defeat of The States in Vietnam - that the former combatants were not considered war's heroes – and it also granted the pardon to Richard Nixon for the scandal of Watergate they would maybe weigh in the spirit of the diplomatic JJJ, it was predisposed to consider the possibility of a similar attack seriously perhaps in Mexico, “unthinkable”, but worthy of considering it like a work hypothesis. JJJ also adds, it considers the ‘modus operandi’ of the supposition attack, according to this conspiracy: LEA and a select group of military would mount a plot that, ultimately, it could even “sprinkle” to the CIA. The guerilla group ‘23 of September Liga’ it would be the expiatory male goat of the action. With this imagination that the American ambassador gives us, the September 1st, points out us, day of the last presidential report of he LEA, and the conspiracy would have the consent of the military ones of more range, loyal to the president. In this context one has that the leadership of the PRI, “property of LEA” and “the czar of the union movement” Fidel Velazquez. Maybe the restlessness that a panorama could cause this way among its superiors in the Department of State to calm down, JJJ died in 1993, to the 77 years, it had already retired of the foreign service, the ambassador clarifies. "In this report we have given loose rein to the speculative imagination. We don't have, we repeat, any concrete reason to believe that this scenario is in the horizon. But the insistence of the rumors takes us to, at least, to think of the unthinkable thing and to share it with the Department of State." The ambition of Echeverria This information was classified as “Kissinger cables", with date June 25, 1976, in the one that refers, according to its title to an “accusation of LEA of pressures of The States against JLP". However we find it in the Public Library of American Diplomacy, the text of the original telegram is mentioned as: "Not available". JJJ mentions Daniel Cosio Villegas posthumous article to sustain its conjecture and to explain the political atmosphere of the time. It is remembered that the magazine 'Plural', where this article was published, it was “one of the drops caused by the blow of LEA to Excelsior (newspaper) ", and that both publications represented, although in furious occasions, the best in the in general the submissive and obedient Mexican press ". And in the last edition that left to the light, the magazine published by Octavio Paz and directed by the same intellectuals that went out of Excelsior with Julio Scherer it became, to say of JJJ, in a collection number, since in their posthumous text, Daniel Cosio Villegas (DCV), prominent historian and diplomat, approached a topic explicitly that in the Mexico of those years it is “only mentioned under the table and in low voice among near friends: the president's intention of conserving the power beyond the term of their six years. The writing of DCV, surrendered to 'Plural' before his death in March of 1976, sustains that LEA it had operated to maintain the control on “73 percent of its authority” after its exit of the Presidency, surrounding JLP with its nearer advisers and they being able to stop the Legislative Power with its followers in most of the benches. With these indications visible. JJJ picks up an ominous prediction of DCV - if it ends up happening something grotesque and unexpected" - to sustain its own hypothesis of the conspiracy against the president. "That is the fear that we have listened every time with more frequency in the last weeks: that JLP can be murdered before he takes possession". It even mentions that two weeks before the shipment of this information, it circulated a rumor that “they had shot JLP". Precise JJ: "Although most of these rumors has originated among managers, an inclined sector to believe that LEA yes it is able to kill their successor, lately we have listened expressions of concern among the academics". In this “imagination exercise" that maybe without seeking it, it reconstructed with their chronicle the atmosphere that pictured the step of the six years of LEA to the period of government of JLP. (La Jornada, política, p. 13, April 10, 2013).

President Jolopo

National The possible conspiracy of LEA to murder JLP President Jolopo By: Carlos Damian April 17, 2013 The chronicle on the political air that was breathed in that in old Mexico México. - A long time ago, let us have said for 37 years ago the ambassador in The States in Mexico sent information August 6th, 1976, to the Department of State, when he was secretary of State Henry Kissinger. The American former ambassador writes his thoughts and chronicles on the air that was breathed in old Mexico, heavy and dangerous politician, when pointing in his writings the rumors that president Luis Echeverria Alvarez (LEA) he was conspiring to murder the elect president Jose Lopez Portillo (JLP) to extend his power beyond the validity of his presidential period. He remembers that they were the insistent rumors and the versions were of the more stranger, in the atmosphere that the diplomatic Joseph John Jova was unwrapped (JJJ), these Kissinger’s cables like they are known in the diplomatic atmosphere it even remembers the ‘modus operandi’ of the attack: LEA with a select group of military of career they would be those in charge of to mount the plot and to try as “expiatory male goat” to the 23 of September League and even “to sprinkle” to the CIA (Central Intelligence of Agency). In this bloody scenario the place and of time circumstance it would give it September 1st, last day of the report of LEA they are people of their trust, with military of bigger range loyalists to the president, for not losing the “leadership of the PRI", and certainly the presidential seat recover it again. One year before in The States, the former president Gerald Ford had suffered two bankrupt attacks, one blow suddenly September 5, 1975, in Sacramento and another one 17 days later in San Francisco California. Later on this information was unwrapped without classifying after some years May 4, 2006. It is part of the little one more than 3 thousand 100 cables coming from the embassy of The States in Mexico, inside the universe of a million 700 thousand you inform of the years of the diplomacy of Kissinger that easily is navigable in the Public Library of American Diplomacy. Perhaps it finds them with date of June 25th, 1976 and it refers, according to their title to an “accusation of Echeverria of pressures of The States against Lopez Portillo". It is possible that all the cables are not rescued on this topic in those dates due to their condition of sensitive information of The States. Actual day you find as “Top Secret”, and it is ”not available", all this information. This topic “only mentions it under the table and in silence among near friends: the president's intention of conserving the power beyond the term of their six years", Daniel Cosio Villegas says (DCV) in it finishes it edition in the magazine ' little Plural' before his death in March of 1976. Ambassador JJJ picks up an ominous prediction of DCV, to sustain the hypothesis of the presidential plot: "if it ends up happening something grotesque and unexpected", DCV writes. JJJ is explained the persistence of these rumors like “symptom of a political climate in which LEA is done with a lot of mistrust by many Mexicans, more than as an indication that something like that can happen". But it justifies its decision of approaching the topic it is this send of information due to the historical antecedents -the attacks against Alvaro Obregon, Manuel Avila Camacho brother-in-law, and Carlos Madrazo Pintado, and also because The States stops the consequences of an event they would be this way deep." In the picture of this hypothesis, JJJ is also extended in speculating on what would happen later. He mentions that foreseen in the article 85 of the Mexican Constitution in case the elect president is not presented that day of the taking of possession. In that situation, an interim president would be nominated while they are carried out, in a term of among 14 and 18 months, new elections. In this circumstance of the presidential plot, the ambassador estimates that the murder would happen after the one of September, and that the interim president could be selected among the three records of LEA: Hugo Cervantes del Rio, Augusto Gomez Villanueva and Porfirio Munoz Ledo. “That which will allow the president to maintain the power through somebody more governable than Lopez Portillo". This would be possible because, in definitive, JJJ, the Mexican Congress agrees it takes form the “stamp of Echeverria", even the recently elect election. The thread of this conjecture takes us to another: that the legislators, unconditional they could modify the Constitution to enlarge the term of LEA in the Presidency beyond the legal period. In this hypothetical mental exercise, the information mentions the possibility that a political crisis of that magnitude would affect in a severe way the economy, that that in its opinion, it would not inhibit to LEA of carrying out its Machiavelli plan, since in front of that crisis the loyalty of the “revolutionary family would be invoked", of which is not exempt the private sector that would have to bend before the accomplished facts “to reestablish the trust". Finally the ambassador without seeking it captured in his diplomatic cables the atmosphere made scarce politician of the step from a Mexican president to another. Responsibilities of the relationships bilateral diplomats When visiting for second occasion the president from The States, Barack Obama (BO) to Mexico, with this action he gives beginning a clear rhetorical turn, in the bilateral thematic notebook on the combined actions of combat to the drug traffic inside the Merida Initiative, and an accent of both governments in the invigoration of the cooperation in commercial, economic, educational matter and oil company. In the press conference organized by EPN and BO, the president from The States points out that the near collaboration will continue with the Mexican authorities and when recognizing that “dozens of millions of Mexicans enrich the life of United States", "optimist" Mr. President was mentioning about the possibility of “achieving an integral migratory reformation” in the Congress of the American Union. In this context president BO'S presence is positive that when reconsidering the configuration in the bilateral relationship that has been a total subordination from the Mexican authorities to the Americans, and they mark the growing interference that has characterized the collaboration in all the environments that particularly concerns the Mexicans. The Merida instrument is a political-commercial device that is formulated again its approaches of collaboration in intelligence, police and military, and that for the obtained results it has not been good to reduce the activities of the criminal bands, on the contrary it has multiplied them, and it has also given a picture to the one sustained deterioration of the public security and of the right state; that that particularly has taken to the abdication of sovereign imperious as regards intelligence, security, control of the territory, and procurement of justice. It is an instrument that obviously has endowed to the authorities of the neighboring country of an alibi to practice a non appropriate interference and it is good to rake the divisions, to duplicate functions and rivalries of the Mexican dependences of security and national defense. In this thread of information one lives a collapse of the right state, problem that persists beyond the purposes expressed by the government of EPN, and whose continuity of the “bankrupt state” is observed in great measure, in actions and omissions of Washington. The inconsistency between the speech and the practice of the government of the neighboring country makes suppose the persistence of the drug traffic in Mexico and of the violence related with that phenomenon they are not necessarily undesirable perspectives for The States, in the measure in that they represent an excellent business opportunity for its arms industry, and the laundry of money; all the above-mentioned provides from a flow of constant resources to its financial institutions and they give its government a pretext for the interventionism. Finally it would be possible a turn change in the exercise of the simulation, a replacement of priorities, an abandonment of the characteristic moral double in front of this phenomenon and already transform into concrete actions the recognition achieved that the Mexican migrants constitute one of the main factors of the competitiveness of their economy. (La Jornada, política, p. 13, April 10, 2013).

The simulation of the wage

National The PAN was opposed to the change, covering to the patterns in its corrupt habit The simulation of the wage in the IMSS By: Carlos Damian April 22, 2013 The reformation homologates the base of rate of the IMSS with the taxable base of the TOR México. - The old employer habit of registering the workers in the IMSS with a smaller wage to the real one was delimited by the Chamber of Deputies, the one that approved a reformation to the article 27 of the law of the Institute (IMSS), which will limit such a simulation before the Treasure. The full one voted in favor of the change, with 336 votes, 115 in against and 13 abstentions, the reformation went correspondent to the Senate for its ratification or change. That reformation caused a wide dispute between people of the PRI and PAN-men. Obviously the PAN defended the boss's thesis. The president of the Commission of Treasury, Jose Isabel Trejo, of the PAN was displaced by the PRI in the process of vote of the report, because this had refused to summon to session of work group from more time than one month, and in fact, passed March 19 the PRI presented the initiative in question. When being completed the 30 days of term, since the proposal was generated and until last Monday, the PRI-men looked for to give a turn to the process, and by means of their seven secretaries in the Commission of Treasury, they summoned to the rest of the legislators that they integrate the work group for in the session and to vote it about the report. That fact revealed the agreement among deputies of the PRI, Verde Party, Nueva Alianza, and PRD, and PT, aimed at to its approval, what was denounced by the PAN that yesterday it was alone in the living room of full. This way, the deputy of the PRI, Jorge Herrera current secretary of the Commission of Treasury - it positioned the verdict before the full one: "Approving this reformation will be able to avoid the simulation, the underestimate of the wage of the workers, the discretion of the boss in your report and the double reports. It will benefit equally to the managerial and labor sectors, as well as the IMSS", he said. In answer the PAN-man Alfredo Rivadeneyra presented suspends’ motion to controvert the presented text, and he insisted on describing from violation - the corrupt practice of presenting the twice report before the Institute and Treasury - to the procedure yesterday (25/4/13), it was carried out in San Lazaro building. It evoked an agreement not written with the PRI to debate in the second semester of the year all reformation Treasure or financial, as the finally approved yesterday. "We don't understand which it is the reason and the hurry for which there is this reiterated pretense of running over the norm". The arguments of the PAN-man were rejected by most of the full one and the president of the directive table, Francisco Arroyo, began the step of approval of the reformation initiative. This way, the content was presented aimed at, to homologate the base of rate of the IMSS with the taxable base of the VAT. This way it is sought to reach an improvement in the benefits of the workers. With this approval the revenues will be calculated that indeed the workers perceive for benefit of subordinate personal services. The collection of the IMSS will increase this way, with object of facing some of its financial difficulties. For initiative of the PRD, Carlos Altamirano the full one approved an addition was approved to the text with the purpose of that the Superior Audit of the Federation (ASF), inform of the results of the administration of the IMSS in the exercises that they go from the year 1997 to the 2012. In the same way among the proposed changes and endorsed they are the obligation for which the additional collection that is derived of the reformation is dedicated to the infrastructure development and institute’s services of health. The legislator of the PRD also intended to reveal the resources so that the IMSS, starting from the year 2014, is make reference to the impact collection of money product of the ordinance presented in San Lazaro building. The private initiative considers that it is not the solution to put an end to the corruption The managerial Coordinating Council (CCE) it showed against the reformations approved to the Law of the Mexican Institute of the Public Health (IMSS), because “they represent a sensitive increase in the quotas that they pay the companies, the workers; they don't constitute a bottom solution to the one to financial situation of the Public Health and they don't pay to the simplification purpose” that it says to pursue the initiative. When finding out the approval, Juan Pablo Castanon Castanon (JPCC), leader of the Employer Confederation of the Mexican Republic (Coparmex), it extended the arms in cross, and for if it was doubt of what wanted to express, he said “they crucified us". But at once it amended their reaction: "We see that they authorized an initiative that is an aspirin for the finances of the IMSS, and it is only a partial vision of the problem of the social security". Bosses and managers noticed that the approval of this reformation has character of collection and it could have as consequence that they are stopped to pay funds of punctuality- punishments’ funds to arrive late and not to attend the work- to the workers or to retire benefits like the pantry vouchers - they don't exist in the practice such social benefits - among other benefits. The CCE exhorted to the Senate to that “they take the necessary time to thoroughly analyze the implications of this initiative for the companies and workers". in spite of their informality the managerial class was said in the best disposition to the dialogue and to generate proposals with solid arguments that contribute to the debate and the analysis, to find viable solutions and together with all of them ". The leader of Coparmex condemned the since reformation it is an “unilateral” measure in which took not even into account the opinion of the employer sector, at the time that she noticed that they will struggle because the Senate ponders the arguments of the bosses of the country. In the event of not being this way, he said, the managerial sectors will “double efforts to make to see our vision” and to thoroughly achieve a reformation of the IMSS. When being questioned by the reporters of the source, on the reformation of the IMSS, JPCC forgetting their initial reaction on the crucifixion, it pondered that the managers are grown in the face of the setbacks. The mail of Charly The finances of the IMSS are about to receive a good dose of justice (around 2 hundred million dollars additional), because the full of the Chamber of deputies approved the reformation of the IMSS, and certainly the vote was expected against the PAN, for the approval of approaches to cover the quotas of the IMSS with those of the payment of the VAT. It will be avoided this way that the bosses, on one hand, report the IMSS smaller wages of those really perceived by their workers (with which they pay less quotas), and for the other one they present to the SAT (Treasure) an inflated payroll (with those that pay less taxes). Only lack the ratification of the Senate. The Commissions together of constitutional Points and of Legislatives Studies they approved unanimously yesterday the ordinance project for which the XXI fraction of the article 73 of the Constitution is reformed, with the purpose of creating a unique penal procedural code, so much in the federal environment as in the common jurisdiction. They immediate it was alternated to the full one of the Senate and they were of first reading, to be discussed and of being approved; it will be it in the session of next Monday. With this modification to the Great Letter, the Congress of the Union will have ability to send the unique legislation in penal procedural matter, of alternative mechanisms of solution of controversies and execution of legal hardships that will govern in the country in the federal order and common jurisdiction. (La Jornada, elecciones, p. 4, April 16, 2013).